Measuring around 14 - 16 centimeters in length, this small bird showcases a remarkable plumage. Its upperparts are a deep, rich olive - brown, providing excellent camouflage among the forest foliage. The underparts, from the breast to the belly, are a vivid rufous color, which gives the species its name. A white throat patch stands out against the darker plumage, adding to its distinct appearance. Its wings are relatively short, and the tail is long, helping it to navigate through the dense montane forests with agility.

These birds are well - adapted to the subtropical and tropical moist montane forests, as well as the heavily degraded former forests within their range. They are often seen flitting among the branches, using their sharp eyesight to spot insects, which form the bulk of their diet. Their hunting technique involves perching on a branch, waiting patiently for an insect to pass by, and then darting out quickly to catch it in mid - air. They also consume small spiders and other invertebrates found in the forest understory.

During the breeding season, male Rufous - Bellied Bush Tyrants engage in elaborate displays to attract mates. They sing melodious songs, which are a series of high - pitched, rapid notes, from exposed perches to announce their presence and establish territory. Females build cup - shaped nests using twigs, leaves, and moss, usually hidden in the thick foliage of trees or shrubs. After laying a clutch of 2 - 3 eggs, the female incubates them for about two weeks, while the male defends the territory and brings food to the female. Once the chicks hatch, both parents work together to feed and care for them until they are ready to fledge. Despite facing threats from habitat loss due to deforestation and climate change, conservation efforts are underway to protect the remaining habitats of this fascinating species, ensuring its survival in the wild.